Edith Cavell

The statue of Edith Cavell, London.

Nurse Cavell helped hundreds of soldiers from the Allied forces to escape occupied Belgium to the neutral Netherlands, in violation of German military law. She was arrested on 3 August 1915 and charged with harbouring Allied soldiers, not for espionage. Nevertheless, the accepted law in wartime was that using a civilian position to aid an enemy country's war effort made a person a spy, subject to execution if caught. She was held in prison for 10 weeks, the last two in solitary confinement, and court-martialled. She was later executed.

( The above was taken from the relevant wikipedia page, here: [link] )